A new theory has emerged regarding the unique red color of Mars. Scientists have discovered new findings that challenge the widely accepted explanations for the origin of this color.

Mars, one of the most extensively studied planets in the Solar System, has long been known as the “red planet.” The commonly held theory up until today suggested that this color originated from rusted iron minerals covering the surface of Mars. However, a recent study has brought forth compelling evidence that contradicts this view.

NEW MINERAL IDENTIFIED
A study published in the journal Nature Communications proposed that Mars’ red color might be associated with a mineral called ferrihydrite rather than hematite. Ferrihydrite is a mineral formed in cold water environments, and this finding could provide crucial clues about Mars’ watery past. Scientists meticulously examined the dust coatings on the planet using data from missions to Mars by the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA. The size and composition of dust particles on Mars were determined using the Trace Gas Orbiter’s CaSSIS imaging system. Subsequently, a laboratory-created mimic of Mars dust was analyzed for different types of iron oxide.

REWRITING MARS’ HISTORY
Researchers pointed out that ferrihydrite can only form in the presence of water, suggesting that Mars may have been rusted much earlier than previously thought. The findings indicate that mineral layers containing water may be widespread on the planet’s surface. It is believed that intense volcanic activity on Mars about 3 billion years ago could have melted ice, triggering interactions between water and rock. In the future, rock and dust samples brought back from Mars as part of the joint NASA and ESA Mars Sample Return Program could provide more precise data about the planet’s watery history.